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Understanding the ERC-20 Token Standard: What You Need to Know
2025-10-30 05:42:19
Blockchain
Crypto Tutorial
DeFi
Ethereum
Stablecoin
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Understanding the ERC-20 Token Standard is critical for navigating the Ethereum ecosystem. The article explores what ERC-20 tokens are, their history, functionality, and benefits to the network. It addresses limitations, popular tokens, and other ERC standards. Essential for developers and investors, the guide enhances understanding of smart contracts and token creation. Key topics include interoperability, security, and token use cases. Readers will learn about token standards' role in blockchain innovation and asset exchange on platforms like Gate.
What is an ERC-20 token?
ERC-20 tokens are fungible digital tokens that reside on the Ethereum blockchain. This technical standard helps develop smart contracts and enables developers to create and deploy tokens on Ethereum. The ERC-20 token standard provides a set of rules that developers must follow to ensure compatibility across the Ethereum network.
History of ERC-20 token standard
Fabian Vogelsteller initially proposed the ERC-20 token standard in 2015. He submitted the proposal via Ethereum's GitHub page, which was later approved and implemented as the Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP-20). Since then, smart contract tokens designed on the Ethereum blockchain have complied with these guidelines.
How ERC-20 tokens work
ERC-20 tokens function with smart contracts, which are pre-arranged agreements that automatically execute once specific conditions are met. These tokens are fungible, meaning one token is equal in value to another. They allow for seamless exchange of assets and can confer governance rights to holders. Additionally, these tokens can be staked to support network operations and provide rewards to stakers.
Benefits of ERC-20 to the Ethereum network
The introduction of the ERC-20 token standard has brought several benefits to the Ethereum network:
- Interoperability: ERC-20 tokens can communicate and exchange assets effortlessly across the Ethereum network.
- Advanced security: These tokens benefit from Ethereum's security features such as decentralization, immutability, and transparency.
- Transparency: All ERC-20 transaction details are recorded on the Ethereum blockchain, allowing for easy tracking of token movements.
- High liquidity: ERC-20 tokens can be bought and sold on various exchanges, making them attractive to investors.
- Customizable and easy-to-use: Token creators can customize tokens to serve specific purposes and manage them easily with tools like MetaMask and MyEtherWallet.
Cons of ERC-20 token standard
Despite its benefits, the ERC-20 token standard has some limitations:
- Limited flexibility: The standard may restrict functionality levels for complex tasks.
- High transaction fees: Gas fees for ERC-20 token transactions can be expensive, especially during network congestion.
- Absence of universal acceptance: Not all crypto exchanges accept or list ERC-20 tokens.
- Reception issues: Tokens sent to incompatible smart contracts may be permanently lost.
Popular ERC-20 tokens
Some of the most popular ERC-20 tokens include:
- Tether (USDT): A stablecoin pegged to the U.S. dollar.
- Uniswap (UNI): The native currency of the Uniswap decentralized exchange.
- Maker (MKR): The governance token of MakerDAO, used for managing the Maker Protocol.
- BNB: A widely used token serving multiple purposes in its ecosystem.
Other ERC token standards
While ERC-20 is the most popular, other token standards exist to address specific needs:
- ERC-165: Supports interactions between different smart contracts.
- ERC-621: Allows for adjusting token supply after initial release.
- ERC-777: Enhances transaction privacy and provides recovery options.
- ERC-721: Designed for non-fungible tokens (NFTs).
- ERC-223: Allows retrieval of tokens sent to incorrect addresses.
- ERC-1155: Enables more efficient token transfers and is compatible with both NFTs and utility tokens.
Conclusion
The ERC-20 token standard has been a game-changer for the Ethereum network, simplifying development and enhancing interoperability. While it has some limitations, its benefits have made it the most widely adopted token standard on Ethereum. As the blockchain ecosystem continues to evolve, new standards are being developed to address specific needs and challenges, further expanding the capabilities of the Ethereum network.
FAQ
What does ERC-20 mean?
ERC-20 is a technical standard for fungible tokens on the Ethereum blockchain. It defines rules for these tokens to ensure they are interchangeable and compliant with Ethereum's smart contract standards.
Is ERC-20 the same as ETH?
No, ERC-20 and ETH are different. ERC-20 is a token standard on Ethereum, while ETH is the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum network.
Is ERC-20 the same as USDT?
No, ERC-20 and USDT are different. ERC-20 is a token standard on Ethereum, while USDT is a stablecoin that can use the ERC-20 standard.
* The information is not intended to be and does not constitute financial advice or any other recommendation of any sort offered or endorsed by Gate.
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